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Quantitative achievements

Some biodiversity elements protected in the Natural Reserves

MammalsScientific name English name Spanish name Threat Location
Tremarctos ornatus Spectacled bear Oso andino EN SA, CC, EC
Tapirus pinchaque Mountain tapir Danta de páramo CR SA, CC, EC
Tapirus t. terrestris Lowland tapir Danta VU EP, AM
Tapirus t. colombianus Colombian tapir Danta CR MM
Tapirus bairdii Baird’s tapir Danta del Chocó CR DA
Panthera onca Jaguar Tigre, jaguar EN EP, AM, CH
Puma concolor ssp. Andean cougar León montano VU SA, CC, EC
Puma concolor ssp. Lowland cougar León o puma VU EP, AC
Myrmecophaga tridactyla Giant anteater Oso palmero EN EP
Priodontes maximus Giant armadillo Ocarro EN EP
Tayassu pecari White-lipped peccari Zaino VU EP
Leopardus pardalis Ocelot Tigrillo grande EN EP, AC
Leopardus wiedii Margay cat Tigrillo EN SA, CC, EP
Leopardus tigrina Oncilla cat Tigrillo EN SA, CC, EC
Odocoileus virginianus spp. White-tailed deer Venado sabanero VU EP
Odocoileus virginianus spp. White-tailed deer Venado EN SA, EC
Mazama rufina Red brocket deer Venado soche EN SA, CC
Pudu mephistophiles Pudu deer Venado conejo EN SA, CC
Lutra longicauda River otter Nutria EN CC, WA, AC
Ateles fusciceps Black spider monkey Mono araña EN SA
Allouatta palliatta Black howler monkey Mono congo EN SA, WC
Allouatta seniculus Red howler monkey Mono cotudo VU DA, EP
Callicebus cupreus Ornate monkey Okai EN EP
Saguinus leucopus Gray marmoset Tistis EN CC
Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris Capybara Chigüiro VU EP, MM
Agouti tackzanowskii Mountain paca Pintadilla EN SA, CC
Agouti paca Lowland paca Boruga VU EP, CH, MM
Dasyprocta punctata Black agouti Guatín VU WC
Inia geoffrensis Pink river dolphin Bufeo EN EP

Table 1. Mammal inventory – characterizations RED

Many other mammal species that are not threatened can be found in the Reserves of Resnatur, such as small monkeys, small rodents, bats, marsupiales and other carnivores.

Colombia has the greatest variety of birds in the world and many of them have several subspecies. Hence the difficulty to elaborate a complete list of the species and subspecies that exist in the Reserves. The following list indicates the most important or threatened species. It also illustrates the importance of having a Naturale Reserves network in regions like the Andes. Many endemic species and subspecies survive the last fragments of certain regions.

BirdsScientific name English name Spanish Name Threat Location
Vultur gryphus Andean condor Cóndor CR SA, CC
Sarcoramphus papa King vulture Rey gallinazo VU CH, EP, MM
Oroaetus isidori Mountain harpy eagle Huamán EN SA, CC, WC
Harpyhaliaetus solitarius Solitary eagle Á guila negra EN SA, WC
Spizastur melanoleucus Black & white eagle Á guila b. & n. EN EP, WC
Geranoaetus melanoleucus Mountain eagle Á guila real VU SA, CC, EC
Falco rufigularis Bat falcon Gavilán negro VU CH, SA, WC
Tinamus tao Gray tinamou Gallineta EN WC
Nothocercurs julius Andean tinamou Gallineta VU SA, CC
Odontophorus melanonotus Dark wood-quail Perdiz negra VU SA
Chauna chavaria Northern screamer Chavarría EN MM, DA
Neochen jubata Orinoco goose Pato carretero VU EP
Merganetta armata Torrent duck Patico de río EN WC, CC
Anas georgica spp. Yellow-billed pintail Pato de laguna EN SA
Anas cyanoptera Cinnamon teal Pato rojo EN SA, WC
Sarkidornis melanotos Comb duck Pato brasilero EN WC
Cairina moschata Muscovy duck Pato real VU EP, MM
Oxyura jamaicensis Ruddy duck Pato careto VU SA, CC
Eurypyga helias Sunbittern Pavito de río EN EP
Penelope perspicax Cauca guan Pava grande CR WC, CC
Penelope montagnii Andean guan Pava VU SA, CC
Aburria aburri Wattled guan Pava negra EN WC, CC
Crax alberti Blue billed curassow Paujil CR AC
Crax rubra Giant curassow Paujil EN AC
Crax tomentosa Crestless curassow Paujil VU EP
Crax alector Black curassow Paujil VU EP, AM
Uropsalis lyra Lyre-tailed nightjar Bujío colilargo VU SA, CC
Columba fasciata Band-tailed pigeon Paloma collareja VU Andes
Ognorhyncus icterotis Yellow-eared parrot Loro palmero CR SA, CC
Ara ambigua Great green macaw Guacamaya EN DA, CH
Pionus chalcopterus Bronze-winged parrot Lora negra VU WC, CC
Cyanolyca viridicyana Collared blue jay Quinquina VU CC
Chalcostigma herrani Rainbow thornbill Colibrí páramo VU CC
Aglaiocercus coelestis Violet-tailed sylph Colibrí colilargo VU SA, WC
Pharomachrus auriceps Golden quetzal Quetzal dorado EN CC
Pharomachrus antisianus Crested quetzal Quetzal crestado EN CC
Hapaloptila castanea White-faced nunbird Pájaro bobo VU WC
Andigena laminirostris Mountain toucan Paletón VU SA
Andigena hypoglauca Andean toucan Paletón VU SA, CC
Andigena nigrirostris Black-billed toucan Paletón VU SA, CC
Semnornis ramphastinus Toucan barbet Compás EN SA, WC
Eubucco bourcuerii Red-headed barbet Vaquero VU WC
Grallaria gigantea Giant antpitta Comprapán EN CC
Grallaria squamigera Undulated antpitta Comprapán EN CC, EC
Allocotopterus deliciosus Clubwinged mamakin Flautista EN SA, WC
Pipra filicauda Wire-tailed manakin Chirriador VU EP
Rupicola peruviana spp. Andean cock of the rocks Gallo de roca EN SA, WC
Rupicola rupicola Cock of the rocks Gallo de peña VU EP
Sericossypha albocristata White-capped tanager Pollo de monte VU CC

Table 2. Bird inventory – characterizations RED

Colombia is a country rich in reptile and amphibian species with high degrees of endemism, especially in Andean forests frogs. Some Reserves located near important rivers in the Magdalena and the Orinoco basins are particularly rich in freshwater fish species, and these ecosystems are known as some of the most diverse in fish species in the world. Some threatened reptile species are present in some Reserves of Resnatur.

ReptilesScientific name English name Spanish name Threat Location
Crocodylus intermedius Orinoco caiman Caimán EN EP
Crocodylus acutus Magdalena caiman Caimán EN AC, MM
Crotalus durissus terrificus Tropical rattlesnake Cascabel VU EP, MM
Eunectes murinus gigas Black anaconda Anaconda, güío negro EN EP
Podocnemis unifilis River turtle Terecay VU EP
Chelydra serpentina Snapper turtle Bache VU WC, CH
Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback turtle Tortuga canal EN AC, DA

Table 3. Reptile inventory – characterizations RED

Colombia is also one of the richest countries in butterfly species, many of which are endemic and only live in small fragments of the Andean region. The Natural Reserves are an important way to conserve the diversity of insects.

Colombia has the most diverse orchid flora of the world, with more than 3,500 described species. Most of them (45%) are endemic in the Andes ecosystems but they are also in high risk due to excessive harvesting and habitat destruction. The Reserves contribute to the conservation of a good part of these species and play an important role in reintroduction programs. More than 250 Colombian orchids were recently classified as species in danger of extinction. The flora of Colombia is classified as the second most diverse in the world. Many species of fine or precious wood trees can be found in many Reserves and are serving as a seed source for the repopulation of border zones or similar ecosystems.

FloraScientific name English name Local name Threat Location
Aniba perutilis Andean rosewood Comino real CR CC
Podocarpus oleifolius Colombian pine Pino colombiano VU SA, WC
Deccussocarpus rospiglossi Colombian pine Pino chaquiro VU CC
Dugandiodendron spp. Tropical magnolia Almanegra EN WC
Swietenia macrophylla Mahogany Caoba EN AC
Quercus humboldtii Andean oak Roble VU Andes
Trigonobalanus sp. Black oak Roble negro EN WC
Ceroxylon quindiuense Colombian wax palm Palma de cera EN CC

Table 4. Flora inventory – characterizations RED

Some important genetic resources for agriculture conserved in the Reserves

Most of the Natural Reserves associated to Resnatur are participating in different types agricultural or productive activities. Some of the domesticated or cultivated genetic resources being preserved in the Natural Reserves include the following ones:

Scientific name English name Local name Location
Cavia porcellus Guinea pig Cui SA
Gallus domesticus Poultry-chicken Gallina criolla Andes
Arracacia xanthorrhyza Arracacha Arracacha Andes
Cucurbita pepo Pumkin Calabaza Andes
Prunus capuli Andean cherry Cerezo SA
Persea americana ssp. Avocado Aguacate DA, AC
Passiflora spp. Passionfruits Granadillas Andes
Lupinus edulis Tarwi Tarwi SA
Phaseolus spp. Beans Frijoles Andes
Vicia faba Lima bean Habas SA
Zea mays Corns Maíz Andes
Rubus spp. Blackberries Moras Andes
Tropoeculum tuberosum Oca Ocas SA
Ullucus tuberosus Olluco Ulluco SA
Solanum tuberosum Potatoes Papas Andes
Solanum muricatum Sweet cucumber Pepino dulce Andes
Chenopodium quinua Quinua Quinua SA
Cyphomandra betacea Tamarillo Tomate de árbol Andes
Physallis peruviana Uchuva Uchuva Andes

Table 5. Genetic resources inventory – characterizations RED

In addition to the agricultural species, many medicinal plants are being cultivated in orchards. Some were introduced to Colombia, but many are native to the country and to specific regions in where they are cultivated. There is no detailed list on this yet.

Abbreviations used in the tables:

Threat degree: following IUCN parameters

Reserves location:

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